Operational Scale of the Technology Market

The technology market differs from general physical commodity markets, having its unique operational methods and scale. Currently, the primary operational methods and scale of China's technology market include:

(1) Technology Development: This refers to the operational activities where one party, possessing technical expertise, is commissioned by another party to conduct research, design, prototyping, and application promotion for a specific technical project.

(2) Technology Transfer: In the technology market, technology transfer refers to the operational method where technological achievements are transferred from one party to another. The transferred technologies include patented technologies, trademarks, and non-patented technologies such as proprietary know-how, traditional techniques, biological varieties, and management methods.

(3) Technology Contracting: This involves one party, based on the requirements of another, taking full responsibility for the research, development, design, production, and application of an engineering technology project through a contractual agreement. Typically, technology contracting includes a significant amount of non-technical content, such as procurement, transportation, and auxiliary labor.

(4) Technical Consultation: This is an intellectual service where one party with technical knowledge is commissioned by another to provide various decision-making references. The main contents of technical consultation include policy consultation, management consultation, and engineering consultation.

(5) Technical Services: This refers to various services provided by a technically capable party to assist another party in solving specific technical challenges. Examples include unconventional calculations, design, measurement, analysis, installation, debugging, as well as providing technical information, improving process flows, and conducting technical diagnostics.

(6) Technology Intermediation: This is an operational method providing intermediary services between suppliers and demanders of technological products. Its main functions include supplying information, organizing negotiations, or offering other auxiliary services.

(7) Technical Training: This refers to operational activities where one party provides knowledge or skill training to another. General adult education, such as vocational training and continuing engineering education, is not considered part of the technology market's operational scope.

(8) Technology as Equity Investment: This is a form of technology transaction where one party contributes technology as capital to collaborate with another party in forming an economic entity.